West Nile Virus

What are the symptoms of West Nile Virus (WNv)?

Symptoms of WNv may range from mild illness to serious neurological illness such as encephalitis (inflammation of the brain). Research shows that four out of five people who are bitten by an infected mosquito do not show any symptoms of the virus at all. Other common symptoms include:

• Fever
• Muscle weakness
• Stiff neck
• Confusion
• Severe headache
• Sensitivity to light
• Extreme swelling or infection at the site of the mosquito bite

Who is at risk?

People who are active and outside during the summer months are at risk of WNv infection.

Those with weaker immune systems, including those over 40 years of age and individuals who suffer from chronic diseases may be at greater risk for serious health implications.

How is the virus spread?

WNv is spread from infected mosquitoes to humans. It is not spread through direct contact from one person to another.

How can I protect myself from WNv ?

WNv is an illness that is contracted by mosquitoes when they bite infected birds. The virus can spread from infected mosquitoes to humans, birds and other mammals like horses.
Cover up. Mosquitoes are drawn to darker,More intense colours, so wear light coloured, loose-fitting clothing from head to toe (long sleeved shirts, full-length pants, socks and shoes) during the hours from dusk through dawn. Tucking your pants into your socks is also a great preventative measure and can help further reduce bites.
Use insect repellent. Federally-regulated products containing DEET (N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide) are effective at defending yourself against bites.
Refrain from using scented products. Avoid colognes, perfumes, scented body lotions or shampoos that can attract mosquitoes.
Identify problem areas around the house. Think mosquito prevention when looking around your home and reduce breeding areas such as getting rid of standing water, cleaning eaves and drains and fixing window screens.

I think I have symptoms of WNv. What should I do ?

Contact your health care provider if you have concerns about your health. If you or your family members develop symptoms such as high fever, confusion, muscle weakness, and severe headaches, you should see your doctor immediately. You can also call Telehealth Ontario at 1 866-797-0000 (TTY 1-866-797-0007) to speak with a registered nurse, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.